Hallux valgus, commonly known as a bunion, is a foot deformity where the big toe deviates toward the other toes, creating an abnormal angle at the metatarsophalangeal joint. This results in a bony bump on the side of the foot, which can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty wearing shoes. It is caused by factors such as improper footwear, genetic predisposition, or biomechanical foot abnormalities. Treatment may include footwear adjustments, physical therapy, orthotics, and, in severe cases, surg