State-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the Kyrgyz Republic play a significant role in the economy but also present potential fiscal risks. This paper assesses these risks through both aggregate and ...

This SIP reviews the labor market constraints to growth and development in the Kyrgyz Republic, including gender-specific constraints. It is motivated by the high annual population growth rate of 2 ...

The Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) completed the Article IV Consultation for Namibia ...

Peru’s mining wealth holds the promise to substantially accelerate potential growth. However, many mining projects have been stalled for several years due to conflicts with local communities that feel ...

Opening Remarks by the IMF First Deputy Managing Director Gita Gopinath at the Conference on “Sri Lanka’s Road to Recovery: Debt and Governance” Shangri-La Hotel Colombo ...

Cross-border payments are essential to the global financial system, facilitating trade and investment. The global cross-border traditional and crypto payment market approached a value of about one ...

Focusing on a cross-border perspective, this paper identifies four key binding constraints that hinder firms’ ability to innovate and scale up within the EU single market—fragmented regulations, ...

The European Union’s budget—known as the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF)—has over time been a key tool for enhancing economic efficiency, achieving redistribution, and helping the Union tackle ...

During a major crisis, the transitional dynamics of conditional convergence are unlikely to apply. In this paper, we introduce a Markov chain approach which integrates the study of crises and ...

An International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff team, led by Ms. Wenjie Chen, visited Bamako from June 9 to 13, 2025, to conduct the 2025 Article IV consultation with the Malian authorities. The team held ...

Spain's GDP per capita gap with highest-income euro area economies and the US is mainly due to a productivity shortfall. Spanish tech firms lag in productivity and innovation, partly due to weaker R&D ...

This paper examines Spain’s investment performance five years after the COVID-19 pandemic. As of 2024, investment had only returned to pre-pandemic levels and remained below historical fundamentals ...