Pilot trials have a key role in preparing for definitive randomized trials, yet determining their sample size remains a common challenge. This article provides practical guidance, methods, and ...

Introduction: DNA methylation, specifically the formation of 5-methylcytosine at the C5 position of cytosine, undergoes reproducible changes as organisms age, establishing it as a significant ...

Abstract: In 2006, Ollivier and Tillich described a trellis presentation for a quantum code with a stabilizer group S. This allowed for efficient maximum likelihood ...

Abstract: Monopulse is an established technique for radar angle estimation. One can show that monopulse estimation is based on a general approximation derived from maximum likelihood (ML) estimation.

The analysis of complex systems with many degrees of freedom generally involves the definition of low-dimensional collective variables more amenable to physical understanding. Their dynamics can be ...

The Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard model is frequently used in the cardiovascular literature to estimate subject-specific probabilities of the occurrence of an event of interest over time in the ...