Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among females and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Being a heterogeneous disease, subtyping breast cancer plays a vital role in ...

Abstract: Classical clustering algorithms such as k-means face limitations in handling clusters with heterogeneous shapes, densities, and sizes, while exhibiting sensitivity to initial centroid ...

Breast cancer diagnosis relies on imaging, yet conventional Doppler ultrasound possesses limitations in visualizing tumor microvasculature. This study aimed to compare Microvascular Flow imaging ...