Abstract: In this letter, we propose to implement an index modulation (IM) scheme in a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (DL-NOMA) system.

Abstract: This paper provides a comparative study on the performance of different modulation options for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in terms of their spectral efficiency, ...

Over the past decades, engineers have introduced numerous technologies that rely on light and its underlying characteristics. These include photonic and quantum systems that could advance imaging, ...

UPSC Issue at a Glance | RBI Explained – History, tools of monetary policy, and surplus transfer From repo rate cuts to transferring a record surplus to the central government, the Reserve Bank of ...

Amplitude modulation (AM) was first introduced to enable long-range wireless audio communication, representing a major advancement over wireless telegraphy using spark-gap transmitters. Understanding ...

Creative Commons (CC): This is a Creative Commons license. Attribution (BY): Credit must be given to the creator. The protein misfolding and aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) into neurotoxic amyloids ...

Fructose is a valuable and healthy nutrient when consumed at normal levels (≤50 g/day). However, long-term consumption of excessive fructose and elevated endogenous production can have detrimental ...

Visual attention is a top–down influence affecting sensory responses in visual areas that helps us to separate relevant from irrelevant information. How is this mechanism implemented in the brain?

In deep learning, the standard approach to accommodate changing task demands is to train new output layers on top of a common trunk network, and, if needed, to relearn synapses throughout the whole ...

bWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK ...