Abstract: This brief presents a simple reference circuit with channel-length modulation compensation to generate a reference voltage of 221 mV using subthreshold of MOSFETs at supply voltage of 0.85 V ...

Abstract: We propose novel variable-block-length joint channel estimation and data detection for spatial modulation over time-varying channels, where the data frame is divided into multiple blocks, ...

This paper presents an evaluation of multicarrier channel sounding techniques using different random and pseudo-random sequences to modulate the OFDM sounding signal. The Random (Rand), Pseudo-Noise ...

The simplest phase modulation, called Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), uses two phases to encode two binary digits. Tx: The BPSK modulator is implemented using an input data set (0 and 1) which is ...

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida ...

Version of Record: This is the final version of the article. Summary: Here, the authors were attempting to use molecular simulation or probe the nature of how lipids, especially PIP lipids, bind to a ...

Introduction: Rapid development in synthetic technologies has boosted DNA as a potential medium for large-scale data storage. Meanwhile, how to implement data security in the DNA storage system is ...

In this study, a novel cluster index modulation (CIM) scheme, which is based on indexing the available clusters in the environment, is proposed for future mmWave communication systems. Exploiting the ...

Investigations on the C-type gating of multiple potassium channels have revealed a consistent structural mechanism that deviations in the selectivity filter impair the coordination of potassium ions, ...

The M2 channel in the influenza A virus is one of three commonly targeted proteins in the viral membrane. Proton permeation across the M2 channel acidifies the virion, releasing the viral RNA and core ...