Taking into account the whale optimization algorithm’s tendency to get trapped in local optima easily and its slow convergence rate, this paper proposes a diverse strategies whale optimization ...

Researchers in China have developed an optimized version of the whale optimization algorithm that reportedly indentifies the optimal area ratio of rooftop PV systems and solar collectors used in ...

This work presents a new integration of the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) with Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control (FCS‑MPC) to optimise Fractional‑Order Proportional–Integral (FOPI) ...