Abstract: An IoT-enabled water leak detection system is proposed. The proposed system uses real-time data collection and advanced machine learning techniques for continuous monitoring. It consists of ...

Abstract: The goal of change detection is to identify modifications in dual-temporal remote sensing (RS) images, which reveal dynamic changes in specific areas of interest. Specifically, the detection ...

Use a capacitive soil moisture sensor (it’s corrosion-resistant). If using a resistive type, power the sensor only during readings (use a transistor or MOSFET controlled by Arduino).

Ensure all jumper wires are firmly connected. Use short wires to reduce noise. Add a 100 nF capacitor between the analog pin and GND to stabilize readings.