Direct elevation of heart rate using noninvasive optogenetics in mice influences anxiety-like behaviours in specific environmental contexts, and the posterior insular cortex is implicated in this ...

We excluded parts of a session where the hit rate was lower than 20% and false alarm rate was higher than 70%, calculated using a 50-trial averaging window. To evaluate the effect of silencing LC-NA ...

Huang and colleagues examined neural responses in mouse anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during a discrimination-avoidance task. The authors present valuable findings that ACC neurons encode primarily ...