A deep reinforcement learning framework optimizes silicon-based photonic crystal fiber modulators, achieving ultra-low ...

Leaf functional traits—chlorophyll (CHL), carotenoid (CAR), equivalent water thickness (EWT), nitrogen (N), and leaf mass per ...

Machine learning is the ability of a machine to improve its performance based on previous results. Machine learning methods enable computers to learn without being explicitly programmed and have ...

Accurate sunlight data is becoming essential for the clean-energy transition, but tracking how much solar radiation reaches ...