Vera C. Rubin Observatory begins its 10-year sky survey, scanning 37 billion objects nightly with a 3.2-gigapixel camera to probe dark matter and energy.

† Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057-1227, United States ‡ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States § ...

Edited by Catherine Murphy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL; received October 2, 2025; accepted November 11, 2025 ...