Omron has introduced EtherNet/IP Remote I/O blocks with both short- and open-circuit detection to reduce troubleshooting time and maintain productivity. The ERT1 series EtherNet/IP slave I/O blocks ...

Further details of the setup and the results are provided in the study “ Outdoor implied open-circuit voltage imaging of perovskite solar cells using sunlight excitation,” published in Joule.

They look for all the world like short circuits or open circuits, and yet work their magic and act to match feedline impedances or even as bandpass filters.