Montgomery algorithms represent a transformative advancement in the computation of modular arithmetic, specifically designed to bypass the costly division steps inherent in traditional methods. By ...

We extend the work of Richard Crandall et al. to demonstrate how the Discrete Weighted Transform (DWT) can be applied to speed up multiplication modulo any number of ...

Abstract We present a natural multiplicative theory of integer partitions (which are usually considered in terms of addition), and find many theorems of classical number theory arise as particular ...

means that the level of factor F is computed by adding the levels of B and D and two times the levels of C and E, all modulo 3. Note that if q is not a prime number, Galois field arithmetic is not ...