Formulations of mathematical programs often require that some of the decision variables take only integer values. Consider the formulation You can follow the same steps to identify binary variables.

Integer programming is a crucial branch of mathematical optimisation that focuses on problems where some or all decision variables are constrained to be integers. This field underpins many practical ...

This paper develops an algorithm for pure integer programming problems. It first transforms the integer programming problem to an algebraically equivalent Hermite canonical problem, and then employs ...

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We investigate in this paper the Lagrangian duality properties of linear equality constrained binary quadratic programming. We derive an underestimation of the duality gap between the primal problem ...