The analytical study of science and innovation—also termed metascience, science of science, scientometrics, technometrics, among others—is becoming increasingly critical as global research and ...

We use computers close computerA device that processes information by following a set of rules called a program., computing devices and computer systems close computer systemA series of connected ...

Understanding the feed-forward mechanism is required in order to create a neural network that solves difficult practical problems such as predicting the result of a football game or the movement of a ...

Understanding the feed-forward mechanism is required in order to create a neural network that solves difficult practical problems such as predicting the result of a football game or the movement of a ...

Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

Even when change is good, most of us would rather run the other way when we see it coming. This is simply human nature, especially when a system seems to be working satisfactorily. But the reality is ...

Editor’s Note: This article was submitted in response to the call for ideas issued by the co-chairs of the National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence, Eric Schmidt and Robert Work. It ...