Biomonitoring involves the assessment of human or animal populations by measuring organic or biological compounds or their metabolites in the body fluids or tissues of individuals in those populations ...

In the case of cadmium (Cd), the main route of exposure for environmentally exposed individuals is through the diet. For smokers, tobacco use is also an important route of exposure. 4, 5, 6 After ...

Pew Research Center’s cross-national studies are fielded in a range of polling environments, from countries where telephone surveys are regularly administered to nations where face-to-face surveys are ...