Scientists have long known the ins and outs of equilibrium thermodynamics. Systems in equilibrium — a stable state of unchanging balance — are governed by a neat set of rules, making them predictable ...

A new discovery could be the beginning of a general framework of rules for seemingly unpredictable non-equilibrium systems, explain researchers. Scientists have long known the ins and outs of ...

Supramolecular assemblies are essential for biological function and in many aspects the field of supramolecular chemistry has been inspired by biology. Compelling illustrations of complex assemblies ...

Arguably, almost all truly intriguing systems are ones that are far away from equilibrium -- such as stars, planetary atmospheres, and even digital circuits. But, until now, systems far from thermal ...

Although most natural and synthetic processes prefer to settle into equilibrium—a state of unchanging balance without potential or energy—it is within the realm of non-equilibrium conditions where new ...

Almost all truly intriguing systems are ones that are far away from equilibrium—such as stars, planetary atmospheres, and even digital circuits. But, until now, systems far from thermal equilibrium ...

Computational methods that can simulate reactions, how a molecule behaves in a certain environment and what properties a material will exhibit (amongst other areas) have been gaining interest in ...

Equilibrium may be hard to achieve in our lives, but it is the standard state of nature. From the perspective of chemistry and physics, equilibrium is a bit dull—at least to Cheng-Chien Chen, ...