Scientists have long known the ins and outs of equilibrium thermodynamics. Systems in equilibrium — a stable state of unchanging balance — are governed by a neat set of rules, making them predictable ...

The analysis of Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations is most often based on the implicit assumption that the system was in thermodynamic equilibrium. For example, in biomolecular simulations, the ...

A new discovery could be the beginning of a general framework of rules for seemingly unpredictable non-equilibrium systems, explain researchers. Scientists have long known the ins and outs of ...

Arguably, almost all truly intriguing systems are ones that are far away from equilibrium -- such as stars, planetary atmospheres, and even digital circuits. But, until now, systems far from thermal ...

Supramolecular assemblies are essential for biological function and in many aspects the field of supramolecular chemistry has been inspired by biology. Compelling illustrations of complex assemblies ...

Although most natural and synthetic processes prefer to settle into equilibrium—a state of unchanging balance without potential or energy—it is within the realm of non-equilibrium conditions where new ...

How it works: the wave in the foreground is an illustration of the phase of an out-of-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensate in a 1D cavity, which belongs to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class.

Equilibrium may be hard to achieve in our lives, but it is the standard state of nature. From the perspective of chemistry and physics, equilibrium is a bit dull—at least to Cheng-Chien Chen, ...