Way before that, in 1949, Grace Hopper programmed the Binac (Binary Automatic Computer) at the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corp. using octal code.

How Does Binary Code Work? A bit is a basic unit in binary, short for binary digit. In simpler terms, it’s a digit or symbol that represents one of two states: 0 or 1. Two bits can represent 4 ...

The video walks you through the essentials here, how binary represents decimal, how that’s represented in hexadecimal, and why exactly computers need all that to begin with.